# spellbook

notes for things i find myself searching for over and over. i know they're
faster to find here than somewhere else.

## ffmpeg

- convert a bunch of stils into a webm file

```bash
ffmpeg -framerate 30 -i name%4d.webp -c:v libvpx-vp9 -pix_fmt yuva420p -lossless 1 out.webm
```

- reverse

```bash
ffmpeg -i input.webm -vf reverse reverse.webm
```

- stitch two files together

```bash
> cat input.txt
file 'one.webm'
file 'two.webm'

ffmpeg -f concat -i input.txt -c copy output.webm
```

## imagemagick

- see [tkacz.pro] also
- rotate

```bash
convert INPUT_FILE -rotate "+90" OUTPUT_FILE
```

- resize

```bash
convert INPUT_FILE -resize 70% OUTPUT_FILE
convert INPUT_FILE -resize 640x480 OUTPUT_FILE
```

use `mogrify` for processing multiple files at once generally

- invert colors

```bash
convert INPUT -channel RGB -negate OUTPUT
```

- make transparent

```bash
convert INPUT -transparent white OUTPUT
```

## vim

profiling:

```bash
:profile start profile.log
:profile func *
:profile file *
" At this point do slow actions
:profile pause
:noautocmd qall!
```

## linux special characters

first, choose a compose key in your os keyboard settings.
i set mine to the right alt key.

- For ë you press Compose+", e.
- For ẽ you press Compose+~, e.
- For ô you press Compose+^, o.
- For á you press Compose+', a.
- For à you press Compose+`, a.
- For € you press Compose+=, e.
- For £ you press Compose+-, l.

## ubuntu/debian

### dist upgrade

```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt autoremove
sudo do-release-upgrade
sudo reboot now
```

sometimes after that there are some random dpkg / apt errors:

```bash
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt --fix-broken install
```

## add desktop launcher (popos)

- example file in `/usr/share/applications/wally.desktop`

```bash
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Wally
Comment=USB Flasher for Ergodox EZ
Version=3.0.23
Exec=/usr/local/bin/wally
Icon=/opt/wally/appicon.png
Terminal=False
Categories=Firmware
```

### clean up

```bash
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge
```

## arch linux

These are some notes for myself when setting up arch.

### pacman

#### setup

before you can use the package manager `pacman` you need to run:

```bash
pacman-key --init
```

This sets up your ability to set some keys and then use them to check the fingerprints on packages you're going to install.

If you're on a raspberry pi, you'll need to add the keys for `archlinuxarm` in particular:

```bash
pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm
```

Thereafter you can go about installing whatever you need.

If you need to remove all the keys you have added to start over, you can:

```bash
rm -rf /etc/pacman.d/gnupg
```

before running the init again.

### base packages

In order to get make, and a bunch of basic tooling:

```bash
pacman -S base-devel
```

### AUR client

I always need to download some AUR packages. Usually we still need to download a client:

```bash
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si
```

## PopOS

Sometimes my system76 laptop's audio just stops working. This seems to fix it:

```bash
systemctl --user restart pulseaudio
rm -r ~/.config/pulse
pulseaudio -k
```

### Setup LUKS + GNOME Keyring for one password unlock

1. **Edit `/etc/crypttab`**  
   ```
   cryptdata UUID= none luks,keyscript=decrypt_keyctl
   ```

2. **Edit `/etc/pam.d/common-password`**  
   Add or update this line:
   ```
   password optional pam_gnome_keyring.so use_authtok
   ```

3. **Rebuild initramfs and reboot**  
   ```bash
   sudo apt install initramfs-tools
   sudo update-initramfs -k all -c
   sudo reboot now
   ```

I got this from [reddit]

### inserting emojis

I can _never_ remember this:

- `Ctrl + Shift + E + Space`: then search via word tags

## disk space

```bash
df -h
du -h -d 1 . --exclude proc
```

journal logs

```bash
journalctl --rotate
journalctl --vacuum-size=100M
journalctl --vacuum-time=10d
```

docker

```bash
docker system prune -a
docker volume prune -a
```

snap

```bash
snap set system refresh.retain=2
```

## parted

resize /manage partitions
```
parted
```

- `print`
- `resizepart  100%`

## btrfs

scrub
```bash
btrfs scrub start -B /
```

check / investigate
```bash
btrfs filesystem show
btrfs filesystem df /
btrfs filesystem usage /
```

resize disks if partitions are wrong
```bash
# numbers are each device
btrfs filesystem resize 1:max /
btrfs filesystem resize 2:max /
```

migrate raid type
```bash
# begin balance - d is for data, m is for metadata
btrfs balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /
# monitor
btrfs balance status / 
```

## memory

sometimes you run out of memory on tiny machines. don't forget to use swap!

```bash
sudo fallocate -l 1G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile

sudo swapon /swapfile
sudo swapon --show

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10
```

## doas

- install doas with your package manager
- modify `/etc/doas.conf` as root
- example contents for user `lemongrab` and group `candy`

```doas
permit persist lemongrab as root
permit nopass lemongrab as root cmd apt
permit nopass lemongrab as root cmd apt-get
permit persist :candy as root
```

then just use doas instead of sudo

## dmidecode

a tool for looking at ram slots without opening your computer.

see how many slots you have on your hardware, maximum ram

```shell
sudo dmidecode -t 16
```

see whats in them

```
sudo dmidecode -t 17
```

## proxmox setup

- note the debian version might change when revisiting this
- add no subscription to `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-no-enterprise.list`

```
deb http://download.proxmox.com/debian/pve bookworm pve-no-subscription
```

- comment out or delete `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pve-enterprise.list`
- comment out or delete `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph.list`
- proxmox otherwise tries to use their special enterprise lists


o

## avahi

- for when you dont want to remember the IP everytime
- allows you to use the hostname.local for discovery/ssh
- 

```bash
apt-get install avahi-daemon
cp /usr/share/doc/avahi/daemon/examples/ssh/service /etc/avahi/service
systemctl service start avahi-daemon.service
```

## cloud init

- 
- 8000 is arbitrary, as is 135

```bash
wget https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/jammy/current/jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64.img
qemu-img resize jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64.img +2G

# Create new vm
qm create 8000 --memory 2048 --core 2 --name ubuntu-cloud --net0 virtio,bridge=vmbr0

# Import the the image
qm importdisk 8000 jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64.img local-lvm

# Create a fake disk, attach to the cloud init, set boot, enable serial/vga for vnc terminal
qm set 8000 --scsihw virtio-scsi-pci --scsi0 local-lvm:vm-8000-disk-0
qm set 8000 --ide2 local-lvm:cloudinit
qm set 8000 --boot c --bootdisk scsi0
qm set 8000 --serial0 socket --vga serial0

# Save as template
qm template 8000

# now setup cloud init things like username, ssh, dhcp versus static

# Deploy as nodes
qm clone 8000 135 --name kropotkin --full
qm clone 8000 136 --name bakunin --full
qm clone 8000 137 --name graeber --full

# start them all
for i in 135 136 137; do qm start $i; done

# destroy them all
for i in 135 136 137; do qm stop $i && qm destroy $i; done
```

## openpgp / gpg

### expiration

for better or worse, OpenPGP keys expire. here is how i update that.

```shell
gpg --list-keys
gpg --edit-key (key id)
```
you may need to select a subkey with `key 1` for example.

then
```shell
gpg> expire
(follow prompts)
gpg> save
```
then
```shell
gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --send-keys (key id)
```

i realized that thunderbird also has a keymanager that can help here too.

## Makefile

Declare all targets PHONY, basically:

```makefile
MAKEFLAGS += --always-make
```

## termux

termux uses `pkg` which i think underlying uses `apt`. so debian sources of
sorts can be added in the same way, in /etc/apt/sources.d - however the root
location of these things are always in `/data/data/com.termux/files/`, which is
set to a special variable `$PREFIX` in your shell.

setting up ssh
```bash
pkg install openssh # generates a key for you
cp /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/etc/ssh/some_key* ~/.ssh/
```

setting up storage access
```bash
termux-setup-storage
```

changing font (e.g. to a patched font)
```bash
mv something.ttf ~/.termux/font.ttf
```

when using neovim, the mason-lsp installer sometimes can't find a version of the binary
that fits the architecture of the phone. this wrapper script helps install language servers
into the right location for mason to use:

- 


also: consider buying the termux:style app for $2 to support the developer :)
or downloading it for free: https://wiki.termux.com/wiki/termux:styling

## bluetooth controllers

Fix for PS3 Controller bluetooth not working on Linux:

* edit `/etc/bluetooth/input.conf`
* uncomment `ClassicBondedOnly=true` and change to `ClassicBondedOnly=false`
* restart bluetooth: `systemctl restart bluetooth`


## graphics

Graphics issues when booting?

Get previous boot `dmesg` output:
```
journalctl -o short-precise -k -b -1
```

Gemini Links:
=> gemini://metasyn.pw/index.gmi index and recent changes
=> gemini://metasyn.pw/directory.gmi directory of all pages

Web Links:
=> https://tkacz.pro/some-useful-convert-imagemagick-commands tkacz.pro
=> https://www.reddit.com/r/pop_os/comments/uhj78q/comment/ix87a2u reddit